library; book collection; paperback book
remote past; far ago; time immemorial
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
you (plural); all of you; you all
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to live; to get along; to spend (time)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
the world; the earth; this world (as opposed to heaven)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
stimulus; impetus; incentive; encouragement; motivation; provocation
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to want; to wish for; to request; to demand; to seek; to search for
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
eternity; perpetuity; permanence; immortality
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
seal; to seal (e.g. a letter); to affix a seal; to seal up
discomfort; inconvenience; poverty; want; inability; disability
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
inconvenience; inexpediency; unhandiness
to surround; to encircle; to besiege; to lay siege to; to play (go, shogi, etc.)
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
(apparently) that's what it's like, isn't it
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to provide; to afford; to assign; to cause
only; merely; but; no more than
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
grace; favor; favour; blessing; benefit
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
monster; monstrosity; giant; influential figure; monsterlike; over-demanding
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
(one's) family; dependents; household; follower; retainer; underling
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
that is to say; that is; in short; in brief; clogging; obstruction; shrinkage