to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
completely empty (of a residence, etc.); vacant; body from which the soul has left; corpse; shed skin (of a snake, insect, etc.)
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
please (give me); please (do for me)
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
odour; odor; scent; aura; whiff; smacks of ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
feces (esp. animal); excrement; dung
ear; hearing; edge; crust; selvedge (non-fray machined edge of fabrics); selvage
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
first-person plural (or singular); second or third person plural (implies speaker is of higher status than those referred to)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
strange; weird; wonder; mystery; cleverness; adroitness
each house; every house; many houses
dirt floor; room with dirt floor; pit (theater seating); parterre
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
toilet; lavatory; water closet; restroom; bathroom
earth; soil; the earth (historically, esp. as opposed to the heavens); the ground; low-quality torinoko-gami (containing mud); (period of) refraining from construction in the direction of the god of the earth (in Onmyōdō)
to dig; to excavate; to delve into; to dig up (e.g. vegetables); (for two men) to have anal sex
to be lost (e.g. luggage); to be missing; to be used up; to be run out; to disappear (e.g. pain); to be lost (e.g. a dream, confidence)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
charm; incantation; spell; curse
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen