hum (of a TV, radio, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
how; in what way; how about
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
to say; to speak; to tell; to talk
avenue; street; coming and going; street traffic; flow (of water, air, etc.); transmission (of sound); reach (e.g. of voice)
two persons; two people; pair; couple
capture; seizure; prehension; apprehension; understanding; grasp
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
old person; senior citizen; the aged; the elderly
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
big quarrel; huge fight; big row
right in the middle (of); midst; height
gaping (e.g. mouth, wound); (opening) wide; snapping up (e.g. bait); biting into (food); plagiarism; rip-off
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
guy; fellow; chap; bastard; asshole; arsehole
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to filch; to snatch; to steal (an idea, work, etc.); to plagiarize; to arrest; to nab
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
you; you bastard; you son of a bitch; (arch.) you
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
justice; right; righteousness; correct meaning; correct explanation
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
mess; sorry state; -ways; -wards; in the act of ...; just as one is ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest