to lick; to lap; to taste; to experience (esp. a hardship); to underestimate; to make light of
yikes; oops; eep; wow; aargh
hmm; well ...; humph; roughly; harshly; violently
wow!; oh!; yeah!; alright!; waah!; boohoo!
consequence; outcome; result; blame; fault
victory or defeat; outcome (of a game, battle, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to decide; to determine; to resolve; to break and overflow (e.g. levee); to collapse; to give way
stone; rock; jewel; precious stone; flint (in a lighter); (round) game piece
from the beginning; from the first; of course; not to mention ...; not only ... but also ...
western army (e.g. in a civil war); Western Army (at the Battle of Sekigahara)
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do
at this point; at this last moment; this late in the game
why; how; for what reason
surrender; capitulation; submission; yield
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
to say; to tell; to state; to do
Fukushima (city, prefecture)
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to come true (of a dream, wish, etc.); to be realized; to be fulfilled; to be granted; to be answered (of a prayer); to be requited (of love)
please; kindly; I beg of you; by all means; without fail
pursuit (of a fleeing enemy); chase; follow-up attack
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
agreement; affirmative; aye; yes; OK
to throw away; to cast away; to abandon; to desert; to give up; to resign
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
ball (for sport, games, etc.); kemari; type of football played by courtiers in ancient Japan
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to step back; to move back; to withdraw (from the presence of a superior); to leave; to resign; to retire
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
from the standpoint of; from the viewpoint of; on; above; the best; top
from here; from this place
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)