indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to dream (i.e. while asleep); to have a dream; to dream (of the future); to have a fleeting experience
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
he; she; that person; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
anger; rage; fury; wrath; indignation
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to forget oneself; to lose control of oneself
special someone; special person; precious one; significant other
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
to shout; to cry; to scream; to clamor (for or against); to clamour (for or against)
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
destruction; disruption; (application) crash
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to show someone (into a room)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
envious; jealous; enviable (position, etc.)
go that far; to that extent
important; significant; precious; valuable; careful
the person in question; prominent figure; distinguished person; that person
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
it cannot be helped; there's nothing for it; it's no use fighting back; it's hopeless; there is no way out of it
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
if it is the case that ...
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
Eh?; What?; Come on!; Damn!
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
medicine; pharmaceuticals; efficacious chemical (gunpowder, pesticide, etc.); (pottery) glaze; (illegal) drug; narcotic
insufficiency; deficiency; shortage; dissatisfaction; discontent; complaint
as is; as it is; as things are; like this; this way; at this rate
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
tachibana orange (Citrus tachibana)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
phew; whew; huff; whoo; wohoo
strength; power; proficiency; ability