this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
people; men and women; each person; everybody
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
severe; harsh; hard; cruel; rigorous
law; regulation; rule; code; agreement; arrangement
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to wipe; to mop up; to get rid of (an impression, feeling, blemish, etc.); to dispel (e.g. shame); to erase
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
cares; ill feeling; reserve
to hold in one's arms (e.g. a baby); to embrace; to have sex with; to make love to; to sit on (eggs); to brood
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
to add; to add up; to increase; to gather (e.g. speed); to include; to count in
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
(not) anywhere; nowhere; everywhere; anywhere
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
certain; sure; doubtless; I have no doubt; You can depend on it; It's a safe bet
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
return to base (of soldiers, military aircraft or ships)