indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to fail; to blunder; to mess up; to be dismissed; to be fired
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to leave as is; to let alone; to disregard
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
already; now; no longer; not any more
shamelessly; acting brazenly unaffected; being resigned to (disgrace)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to hit; to strike; to strike (noon, etc.); to sound (cymbals, etc.); to beat (rhythmically, e.g. pulse, waves, etc.); to move; to impress
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
you; you bastard; you son of a bitch; (arch.) you
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
form (as opposed to substance); formality; method; system; format; mode
unclear; obscure; unknown; unidentified; ignorance; lack of wisdom
small; small-sized; small-scale; miniature
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
to weigh on one's mind; to bother one; to be interested (in); to be curious (about); to feel like (doing); to feel inclined to
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
union; coalescence; amalgamation; copulation; penetration
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
originally; primarily; essentially; intrinsically; proper; rightful
to be furnished with; to be provided with; to be possessed of; to be endowed with; to be among; to be one of
show (of power, ability, etc.); exhibition; demonstration; display; manifestation
consideration; examination; investigation; study; scrutiny; discussion
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)