sunshine; dry weather; luster; lustre
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
cloudiness; cloudy weather; fog (on a mirror, glasses, etc.); cloud (e.g. in marble); gloom; dejection
to end; to be finished; to die; to perish; to do utterly; to do completely
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
misty, moonlit night; (spring) night with a hazy moon
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to spread out; to lay out; to take a position; to impose widely (e.g. over a city)
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
adds force or indicates command
-less; lacking; non-existing
it's been a long time; long time no see
Genji (the character in the Genji Monogatari); the Minamoto family
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
imperial bridal party's entry into the court
maid of honor; maid of honour
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
emperor (of Japan); mikado
near; close; beside; attendant; retainer; vassal
one's business; reading of scriptures before a (statue of) Buddha; bargain; discount; (arch.) money paid to a prostitute or geisha
to build up; to establish; to form; to become (a state); to accomplish; to achieve; to change into
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
honorific/polite/humble prefix
(short-term) leave allowed a servant
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
ague; intermittent fever; the shakes; malarial fever (old name)
to lie; to cheat; to pretend; to trick; to deceive
lodging; inn; house; home; home of a servant's parents (or guarantor, etc.)
below; down; bottom; beneath; underneath; just after; right after
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
in this way; thus; such; uh...
sometimes; occasionally; at times; seasonal; of the season; appropriate (for the season or occasion)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
to feel (as if); to have a feeling (that); to have a hunch (that); to feel like doing; to want to do