indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
really; truly; very; extremely; exceedingly; sincerely
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
now; the present time; just now; another; more
river; stream; River; the ... river
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
Mino (former province located in the south of present-day Gifu Prefecture)
the future; future prospects
pitch-dark; pitch-black; completely dark; very bleak (future); utterly hopeless
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
together (with); at the same time; in one lump; in the same category
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to be separated; to be apart; to leave; to go away; to leave (a job, etc.); to quit
difficult to ...; hard to ...
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
how; in what way; how about; questionable
to form; to make; to build up (e.g. a fortune); to create; to accomplish; to achieve; to change (into)
painful; sore; cringy; embarrassing
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
shadow; silhouette; reflection; image; ominous sign; light (stars, moon); trace
flat; even; level; plain (language, words, etc.); simple
another thing; exception; special case