possibly; apparently; (seem) likely; somehow or other; with difficulty; barely
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
near; close; close (in time); soon; close (relationship); friendly
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
go on!; right!; here goes!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
well then ...; in that situation; in which case
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
clothes (esp. Western clothes); counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, drags of a cigarette, etc.
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to replace; to exchange; to interchange; to substitute
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
than; from; out of; except; but; more
previously; before; first; before (something or someone else); beforehand; in advance
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to hand over; to transfer; to give up (e.g. one's seat); to give way; to yield; to concede
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
trade; business; commerce; occupation; calling; profession
natural; reasonable; obvious; usual; common; ordinary
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
to lose; to be defeated; to succumb; to give in; to be inferior to; to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)