Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
leaving a decision to someone else (often of a meal to be selected by the chef); omakase
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
what; so-and-so; such and such; what?; wait; well, well
suffix for familiar person
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
to replace; to exchange; to interchange; to substitute
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
go that far; to that extent
even if; even though; even; too; whether ... or ...; no matter (what, where, who, etc.)
girl; daughter; baby girl; young woman
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
honorific/polite/humble prefix
being good at cooking; good cook
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
enjoyment; pleasure; diversion; anticipation; looking forward to
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
cooking; cookery; cuisine; dealing with something; handling; administration
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
expresses incredulousness, disbelief, irony, etc.
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
and; or; and the like; and so forth; and what not
daikon (variety of large white Oriental radish, Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus); ham actor
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
cooked rice; meal; food; one's living; livelihood
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade