indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
once; one time; temporarily; for a moment; one degree; one tone
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
never mind that; don't worry about that; listen up
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
alone; by oneself; on one's own
remaining quantity; residual quantity
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
anyhow; in any case; at any rate; at best; at most
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
star (usu. not including the Sun); planet (usu. not including Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); star (actor, player, etc.); small dot; spot; star point (in go)
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
while; during; while; although; all; both
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
in that way; thus; so; so?
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
completion; conclusion; perfect (tense, form, aspect)
all; whole; entire; complete (set); in total
strangeness; abnormality; disorder
without; unacceptable; not alright; unsatisfactory
favourable; favorable; doing well; OK; all right
while moving; on the move