indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to squash; to crush; to flatten
holding on to; sticking to
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
contacting; (making) contact; connection (with a train, bus, etc.); joining (a railway line, etc.); connection (between matters, incidents, etc.); relation
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
how; in what way; how about
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
congratulations!; well done!; best wishes!; all the best!
well then ...; in that situation; in which case
first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all
number; edition; sobriquet; pen-name; size (of printing types, canvases, knitting needles, etc.); suffix attached to names of ships, trains, airplanes, etc.
wall with exposed timber pillars
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
next; next person; room adjoining a noble's parlor
suffix for familiar person
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
weather; the elements; fair weather; fine weather
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
than; from; out of; except; but; more
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
honorific/polite/humble prefix
mother-in-law; foster mother; step mother
father-in-law; foster father; stepfather
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
far; distant; distant (past); remote (in time); distant (relationship or kinship); having little to do (with someone); far (from something else in quality, degree, etc.)
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
to mow down; to scythe down; to knock someone off their feet
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
competing; competition; auction
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do