at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
et cetera; etc.; and the like; the likes of; something like
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
a little bit; a little while
spirit; mind; nature; disposition; motivation; intention
to permit; to allow; to forgive; to pardon; to exempt (someone) from; to remit; to acknowledge
past; after; too (much); over- (e.g. eating)
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
exercise; physical training; appeal; campaign; motion; movement
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
to fight with swords; to cross swords
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
really; truly; indeed; good grief
lifesaver; person who saved one's life
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
promise; agreement; convention; rule; destiny; fate
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
if (it) doesn't exist; if there is no ...; if not ...; unless ...; have to ...; must ...
to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be badly off; to be hard up
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
sunflower (Helianthus annuus)
odour; odor; scent; aura; whiff; smacks of ...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
warrior (esp. of military retainers of daimyos in the Edo period); samurai; (arch.) man in attendance (on a person of high standing); (arch.) retainer
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to discover; to find (e.g. an error in a book); to locate; to find (e.g. something missing); to be used to seeing; to be familiar with