behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
police; police officer; police station
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
search (esp. in criminal investigations); investigation; inquiry; enquiry
in terms of both ... and ...; from the perspective of ... as well as ...; whether it be ... or ...
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
immediately; right away; at once; instantly
news; word; tidings; omen
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
strange; odd; unexpected; change; incident; disturbance
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
to entangle; to entwine; to pick a quarrel; to find fault; to be involved with; to be influenced by
to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind (in a race, one's studies, etc.); to lag behind; to be bereaved of; to be preceded by (someone) in death
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
dangerous; in danger; facing imminent danger; precarious (situation); perilous (state, balance, etc.); in doubt
to be dying; to be about to die; to be close to death
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to apologize; to apologise
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
major; lieutenant commander; wing commander
step; stair; grade; rank; counter for breaks in written language (or speech, etc.); dan
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
office work; clerical work; administration; business; affairs
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
splendid; fine; praiseworthy; creditable; legal; legitimate
duty; function; office; mission; task
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
and; thereupon; because of that
the other day; a few days ago
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
expert; learned person; doctor; PhD; instructor at the imperial court (ritsuryo period); pitch and length marks (to accompany a Buddhist liturgical chant, etc.)