hunting; harvesting (e.g. berries, fruit); picking; gathering
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing); to leave; to depart; to be about to leave; to be just going out
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
precisely; exactly; plumb; damn; stupid; cursed
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
jue (ancient 3-legged Chinese wine pitcher, usu. made of bronze); peerage (hereditary title bestowed by the emperor)
character of a place; situation; location; occasion
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to discern (e.g. right from wrong); to discriminate; to distinguish; to know (manners, one's place, etc.); to understand; to bear in mind
to separate; to part; to divide; to keep apart
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to take an aggressive position; to stir up trouble
body; oneself; one's place; one's position; main part; meat (as opposed to bone, skin, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
adds force or indicates command
to permit; to allow; to forgive; to pardon; to exempt (someone) from; to remit; to acknowledge
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to recall; to remember; to recollect
to be furious; to seethe with anger; to have one's blood boiling
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
company; lot; bunch; troupe; company (of musicians)
recently; lately; these days; nearest; closest
imperial court; royal court
going in and out; entering and exiting; visiting regularly; frequenting; income and expenditure; incomings and outgoings; increase and decrease
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
great; excellent; very troublesome; awful; tiring; tough
favorite; favourite; pet (e.g. teacher's pet); bookmark (in web browser)