indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
senior high school student
office; official; chief; head; person (usually a woman) who officiates at religious ceremonies (on the Yaeyama Islands in Okinawa)
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
pluralizing suffix; or so; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc.; nominalizing suffix
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
danger; peril; hazard; risk
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to visit; to call on; to arrive (of a season, situation, etc.); to come; to appear
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
no matter how you put it; whatever the circumstances may be; say what you like; no matter how you look at it
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
to get dirty; to become dirty; to become sullied; to become corrupted; to lose one's chastity
old person; elderly person; trustee of the Japan Sumo Association; retired high-ranking wrestler who is licensed to coach and receives retirement pay; senior statesman (of the Tokugawa shogunate); important local official (under the Tokugawa Shogunate)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
all members; all hands; everyone; everybody; whole crew
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it?
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
stone; rock; jewel; precious stone; flint (in a lighter); (round) game piece
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
dirt; filth; stain; blot; spot
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
pure; true; genuine; unmixed
young person; youngster; young people; (the) youth