far away; far off; far; long ago; long before
the old days; the past; former times; the past ten years; the past decade
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
star (usu. excluding the Sun); planet (usu. excluding Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); asterisk; star (actor, player, etc.); dot; spot
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
anger; rage; fury; wrath; indignation
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to touch; to feel; to touch (with); to experience; to come in contact with; to touch on (a subject); to allude to
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
flame; blaze; flames (of intense emotion, e.g. love, jealousy, anger); passion
to wrap up; to pack; to cover; to envelop; to conceal (a feeling); to hide
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
ferocious; fierce; audacious; impudent; shameless
to flare up; to burst into flames
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
earth; ground; place; territory; bottom (of a package, book, etc.); earth (one of the five elements)
to talk about; to speak of; to recite; to chant; to indicate; to show
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
to pile up; to make a heap; to lay (e.g. bricks); to acquire (e.g. experience); to build (a reputation)
culture; civilization; civilisation; Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to burn; to burn with (emotion, feeling); to be fired up
to use up; to exhaust; to devote oneself (to); to do one's utmost (for); to do to exhaustion; to do completely
force; vigor; influence; authority; impetus; impulse
cast iron plant (Aspidistra elatior); baran; green plastic garnish (orig. made from leaves) used in lunch boxes, with sushi, etc.
to return; to come home; to leave (of a guest, customer, etc.); to get home; to get to home plate
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
ogre; demon; spirit of a deceased person; ogre-like person (i.e. fierce, relentless, merciless, etc.); it (in a game of tag, hide-and-seek, etc.); seeker; Chinese "ghost" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
newcomer; initiate; rookie
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
no matter what it takes; by any means necessary; at all costs; by hook or by crook
wanting (to have); desiring; wishing for; I want (you, them, etc.) to (do)
conduction (of heat or electricity); transmission (of light or sound); conduction (of a nerve impulse)
person; -er; (arch.) expert; (arch.) geisha; (arch.) prostitute