don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
practice; training; drill; (an) exercise; workout
elm bark clothes traditionally worn by the Ainu; elm bark textile
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
training wheels; stabilizers
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
to buy; to purchase; to value; to have a high opinion; to stir; to provoke
to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to get on (e.g. a footstool); to step on; to reach; to go over; to follow
suffix for familiar person
to attach; to join; to furnish (a house with); to wear; to put on; to keep a diary; to make an entry
young bird; chick; fledgling; hina doll; doll displayed during the Girls' Festival
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
in that way; thus; so; so?
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
honorific/polite/humble prefix
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
(some) more; even more; longer; further
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)