summer vacation; summer holiday
student preparing for or taking examinations (usu. entrance exams); test-taker
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
pronoun; synonym; classic example; pattern
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
mountain; hill; mine; (mountain) forest; heap; pile; protruding or high part of an object
watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)
is not ... either; is (neither ...) nor ...; nor is it ...; does not ... either; (neither ...) nor ...; does not even ...
preparatory school (for entrance examinations); cram school; cramming school
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
summer term (e.g. school); summer period
education; schooling; training; culture; cultivation; education
charge; duty; person in charge; connection; linking
reward; prize; treat; delight; small joy
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
educational institution; school; academy; campus
having; holding; wear; durability; shouldering (an expense); being responsible (for paying)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
to receive; to take; to get someone to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to achieve results; to be successful (in a venture, etc.)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
come (on); come now; all right; right; well; hmm
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
results; record; grades; marks
vigorously (ripping, tearing, scratching, etc.); roughly; (eating) with a crunch; stiff; starchy; (working) hard
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
inner part; interior; living quarters (at the back of a house); inner room; recesses (of one's mind); bottom (of one's heart)
seat; location (of a gathering, etc.); place; position; post
to let pass; to allow through; to transmit (e.g. light, sound, etc.); to conduct (electricity); to stick through (e.g. a hole); to force through (e.g. an opening); to connect (e.g. two places)
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; used for soft emphasis or to soften a statement or request; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.