indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
surroundings; environs; circumference
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
people; men and women; each person; everybody
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
participation; joining; entry; adherence
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
a line; a streak; one item (in an itemized form); one clause; one matter (affair, event, case, incident); (arch.) the same logic
chest; breast; breasts; bosom; heart; lungs; stomach
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
sharp (blade); pointed; sharp (pain); stabbing; perceptive; keen
urban areas; the streets; town; city
above ground; on the ground; earth's surface; this world; this earth
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
low-altitude flying; having consistently poor results (grades, sales, etc.); barely scraping by; being on the verge of failing
time of emergency; (in an) emergency
with the exception of; excepting; excluding
prohibition; inhibition; ban
be supposed or expected to (do); be sure to (do); ought to (do)
at once; immediately; right away; directly (face, lead to, etc.); automatically (mean, result in, etc.)
altitude; height; elevation; high-degree; high-grade; advanced
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
on the sea; on the ocean; offshore
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
now; the present time; just now; another; more
10,000; ten thousand; myriad; everything; all; (arch.) various
private citizen; civilian
to hold in one's arms; to carry in one's arms; to have (problems, debts, etc.); to take on (a responsibility); to employ; to have (on one's staff)
originally; primarily; essentially; intrinsically; proper; rightful