indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
May; fifth month of the lunar calendar
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to lose (through death) (e.g. wife, child)
secret; secrecy; mystery; secret (e.g. to success); esoteric teachings
(way of) life; living; livelihood; life circumstances
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
fate; destiny (esp. as a mysterious force that binds two people together); relationship (e.g. between two people); bond; family ties; affinity; opportunity
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
your home; your family; their home; (my) home
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
trouble; burden; nuisance; care; dependence; support
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
rain shower in late autumn (fall) or early winter
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
people; (all) persons; you (usu. plural); various
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
the opposite sex; isomerism
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
wonderful; marvelous; strange; strangely enough; oddly enough; for some reason
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
to anyone; to everyone; by anyone; by everyone; in everyone; in anyone
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
wrong; not good; hopeless; past hope; must not do
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...