yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
well then ...; in that situation; in which case
meeting; conference; session; assembly; council; convention
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to lead; to take the lead (in doing something); to precede; to go before; to die before (esp. one's spouse, parents, etc.); to be a prerequisite
to call the roll; to take attendance
soft rush (Juncus effusus var. decipiens); common rush
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
The Five Classics (of Confucianism)
transfer; redirection; transmission; forwarding (telephone call, e-mail, etc.)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
in that way; thus; so; so?
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
understood; I see; OK; present; here
now; the present time; just now; another; more
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
that is to say; so that means
really; truly; indeed; good grief
that child; that kid; that boy; (arch.) you
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you
slow; time-consuming; late (in the day); towards the end (of the day or night); later (than expected or usual); late
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
hmm; well ...; humph; roughly; harshly; violently
pink (any flower of genus Dianthus, esp. the fringed pink, Dianthus superbus); (arch.) lovable, caressable girl
group action; collective behavior; collective behaviour; acting as a group
something like ...; something called ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
pleasant smell; aroma; fragrance; pleasant-smelling vegetation
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
telephone call; telephone (device)
... is the reason; ... is my excuse
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr