to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
previous day; day before; eve; prior day; preceding day
tactics; strategy; military operation; naval operation
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to shoot out (lights, window, etc.)
one mind; wholeheartedness; one's whole heart
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
at one's feet; underfoot; gait; pace; most recent; current
to stare at; to gaze at; to look hard at; to watch intently; to fix one's eyes on
pain; ache; soreness; damage; injury; wear
overcoming; conquering; surmounting; getting over
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
injury; wound; mistake; accident; loss
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
tough; strong; stiff; tenacious
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
white sandbar; white sandbank; area in a garden or entrance of a house laid with white sand or pebbles; gravel separating a noh stage from the audience; (arch.) court of law in the Edo period, in which the parties sat on white sand
to freeze to; to be frozen to; to freeze in place; to be still
field of vision; visibility; view; visual field; (one's) ken
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
now; the present time; just now; another; more
really; truly; indeed; good grief
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to be photographed; to be projected
in that way; thus; so; so?
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
battlefield; battleground
what did you just say (to me)?; what's that?