long ago; once upon a time
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
to manage a state; to govern a country
queen; female monarch; queen consort; consort of a king; queen; princess
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
terrible; dreadful; terrifying; surprising; startling; tremendous
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to carry off; to run away with; to sweep away; to take entirely for oneself; to monopolize
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
story; tale; talk; discussion
to disappear (of people or animals); to go (away); to leave; to no longer exist
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); province (of Japan)
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence; power
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to disappear; to vanish; to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope); to go away (e.g. of a smell, itchiness, sleepiness)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to wither (of a plant); to be blasted; to die; to mature (of one's personality, abilities, etc.)
people; men and women; each person; everybody
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
hero; heroine; Eroica Symphony (Beethoven, 1804); Heroic Polonaise (Chopin)
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
brave; courageous; gallant; valiant; heroic
to fight against; to oppose; to face
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
aah!; ooh!; oh no!; oh boy!
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
to fall (over, down); to collapse; to be destroyed (in a collapse); to collapse; to be confined to bed (with an illness); to come down with; to die
one grain; one drop; one bead
tear; tears; lachrymal secretion; sympathy
sky; heaven; God; svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); deva (divine being of Buddhism); top (of a book); sole (of a Japanese sandal)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to shine; to sparkle; to twinkle; to light up (with happiness, hope, etc.); to beam; to gleam
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to call; to summon; to send for; to call together
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
courage; bravery; valour; valor; nerve; boldness
to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to provide; to afford; to assign; to cause