Cetus (constellation); the Whale
palace; tonic (of the Japanese and Chinese pentatonic scale); ancient Chinese punishment (castration for men, or confinement for women); zodiacal sign
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
morning star; Venus; preeminent person (within their own field); star (of the stage, silver screen, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
reclaimed land; cleared land; area opened for development
perhaps; probably; generous; many; much
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to leak out; to escape; to find expression; to give vent; to leak out; to be divulged
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
generation; the world; the age
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to pile up; to heap up; to stack up; to repeat many times over; to go through repeatedly; to accumulate
finally; at last; in the end; after all; never (happened)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
union; alliance; combination; RENGO (Japanese Trade Union Confederation)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
outbreak (e.g. of war); outburst; sudden occurrence
war potential; military strength; fighting power; ability (to compete); capabilities; valuable asset
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
government; administration
diploma; licence; license
publication; issue (of journal, newspaper, etc.); issue (of banknotes, bonds, passport, etc.); raising an event (software)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
official recognition; authorization; authorisation; licence; license; accreditation
pirate; sea robber; buccaneer; freebooter
birth; creation; formation
war; fighting; fierce competition
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)