at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
demand; firm request; requisition; requirement; desire
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
surroundings; environs; circumference
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
air; atmosphere; mood; situation; someone with no presence; someone who doesn't stand out at all
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
foot; paw; leg; gait; pace; bottom structural component (i.e. radical) of a kanji; means of transportation
to attach; to join; to furnish (a house with); to wear; to put on; to keep a diary; to make an entry
outer space; void of space
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
suddenly; casually; accidentally; incidentally; unexpectedly; unintentionally
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
situation; (present) state of affairs; circumstances
to cause; to induce; to bring about; to pull upright; to help up (e.g. a fallen person)
to board; to embark on; to get into (a car); to march into; to enter
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
-ian (e.g. Italian); -ite (e.g. Tokyoite); -er (e.g. performer, etc.); person working with ...; man; person
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
selection; choice; option
to continue to do; to persist in doing
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
this (very thing); this precisely
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
in that way; thus; so; so?
to excel at; to be proficient at; to grow old; to ripen; to rise high (e.g. the sun)
exactly; surely; right then; just then; just (about to); on the verge (of doing or happening)
people; citizens; subjects; folk
(those) who are; (that) which is; in the capacity of
qualifications; requirements; capabilities
to happen to have on hand or in stock
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)