black ships; Western ships that came to Japan between the 16th and 19th centuries, esp. those of the Perry Expedition in 1853; foreign disruptor (of the Japanese market); product, person, etc. arriving from the West and disturbing the Japanese market
brown rat (Rattus norvegicus); common rat; dark grey (colour, color); dark gray; secret evil-doer
to crush (with one's hands); to kill a proposal; to shelve; to table (remove from consideration)
to support (a theory, claim, etc.); to back up; to substantiate; to prove
hit; success; guess; prediction; affability; friendliness; sensation
to grow senile; to be childish with age; to be mentally slow; to be befuddled; to play stupid; to say something stupid (oft. on purpose; esp. as part of a comedic routine)
waterfall; (arch.) rapids
abusive language; violent language; wild words
hill; height; knoll; rising ground
secretary-general; director-general; executive director; executive secretary
intention; idea; inclination; wish
Imperial Japanese Navy (1872-1945)
one way or the other; either way
carefree; optimistic; careless; reckless; heedless; happy-go-lucky
opposition; rivalry; competition; antagonism
(not) even when using ...; (not) even with the help of ...; (not) even by ...
total energy; all efforts
shopping; purchased goods
yen (Japanese monetary unit); circle
to buy; to purchase; to value; to have a high opinion; to stir; to provoke
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945)
absurd; unreasonable; extreme; senseless; disorderly; chaotic
indiscriminately; blindly; at random; indiscriminate; random; excessive
(corporate) bankruptcy; insolvency; commercial failure; failed business
poverty-stricken; destitute; poor; penurious
company; corporation; workplace
operation plan; scheme of operations; plan of campaign
north; the North; northern territories; North Korea; (arch.) north wind
space; room; vacancy; opening; free time; time to spare
insolent fellow; rude fellow
argument; discussion; theory (e.g. of evolution); doctrine; essay; treatise
to be of benefit; to be useful; to be good for you
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
square formation (of troops); magic square
district; county; district (of 2-20 50-home neighbourhoods or townships, in the ritsuryo period)