that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
demon; devil; evil spirit; -crazed person; -obsessed person; fiend
tool; means; ingredients (added to soup, rice, etc.); counter for sets of armor, utensils, furniture, etc.
teacher; master; religious leader; specialist; (arch.) five-battalion brigade comprising 2500 men (Zhou-dynasty Chinese army)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
secret medicine; secret remedy; nostrum; wonder drug; excellent remedy
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
weak; frail; delicate; tender; unskilled; weak (wine)
in order; in turn; one by one
to line up; to stand in a line; to rival; to match; to equal
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
silver (Ag); silver coin; money; silver medal; silver colour; silver color; bank
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
binding; regulation; limit; binding period (e.g. phone or broadband contract); minimum contract term
art; technique; means; way; trick; trap
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to beat; to attack (an enemy); to do away with; to finish off
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
soon; shortly; before long; nearly; almost
to have medicine be effective
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
rock (in rock-paper-scissors); stone; ungh; gulp; rumbling (of an empty stomach); growling
effect; effectiveness; efficacy; effects (e.g. sound effects, visual effects, special effects)
to break; to snap; to be injured; to wear out; to be worn out; to break; to burst
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
swift attack; quick attack; fast break; right away; without delay; immediately
magic; witchcraft; sorcery; spell
law (esp. ancient East Asian criminal code); regulation; vinaya (rules for the monastic community); Ritsu (school of Buddhism); lüshi (style of Chinese poem); (musical) pitch; six odd-numbered notes of the ancient chromatic scale
seeing off; sending off; funeral; escapement
to do for (someone); to take in; to deceive; to hoodwink
any more; any further; any better; any longer