indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
special; particular; peculiar; unique
elementary particle; particle
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
certain; sure; no doubt; reliable; dependable
appearance; emergence; advent; arrival; showing up; coming to existence
hour; o'clock; (specified) time; when ...; during ...
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
above ground; on the ground; earth's surface; this world; this earth
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
detection; sense (e.g. sensor)
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
use; utilization; utilisation; application
manufacture; production; production (of a film, play, TV show, etc.)
possible; potential; practicable; feasible
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
life or death; existence; destiny
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
heat; fever; temperature; zeal; passion
hero; the brave; man of valour (valor)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
finally; at last; barely; narrowly; gradually; little by little
completion; perfection; accomplishment
to name; to call; to christen; to term
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
unfortunately; regrettably
substance; true form; main part; main unit; object of worship (at a shrine, temple, etc.); noumenon
battery; battery (pitcher and catcher)
miniaturization; miniaturisation; downsizing
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to leave nothing undone; to give good service; to attend to everything; to be on someone's tracks (e.g. police); to catch up with; to close in on