indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
from the standpoint of; from the viewpoint of; on; above; the best; top
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
cherry tree; cherry blossom; light pink; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
lively; full of spirit; energetic; healthy; well; fit
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
the way there; outbound leg; bound for ...; outbound ticket
suffix for familiar person
grace (of God); benevolence (of Buddha); assistance; help; effects; influence
with a pitter-patter; choked up (with emotion); heart-wringing; momentary tightening of one's chest caused by powerful feelings (e.g. parting with a loved one)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
any; anything; whatever; I am told; I hear; I understand
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style; one Buddhist image
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
gate; branch of learning based on the teachings of a single master; school; phylum; division; counter for cannons
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
vice-minister (Meiji period); undersecretary
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to find; to discover; to come across; to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
oh my god!; oh my gosh!; you got me!; wow!
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
all; completely; totally; entirely; thoroughly
to grow cold; to get chilly; to cool down
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
honorific/polite/humble prefix
credit; money owed on an account; bill; hanger; holder; in the process of (doing); midway through