guidance; showing the way; guide; guidepost; signpost; waymark
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
cane; walking stick; staff; wand
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
instead of; in place of; as a substitute for; in exchange for; in return for; to make up for
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
circle; entirety; whole; money; dough; enclosure inside a castle's walls; soft-shelled turtle
once; before; formerly; never yet; never before; first time
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to resound; to be heard far away; to reverberate; to shake; to come (home); to remain (with someone)
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
first cry of a newborn baby
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
to anyone; to everyone; by anyone; by everyone; in everyone; in anyone
to reach; to touch; to be delivered; to arrive; to be attentive; to be scrupulous
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
all over the country; everywhere in the country; throughout the nation
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
filthy; unfair; dirty; untouchable; disgusting; nasty
ghee (held to be the greatest of all flavours); (fig.) the ultimate truth of Buddhism; (fig.) nirvana
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to pollute; to contaminate; to soil; to disgrace; to dishonour; to dishonor
by all rights; properly speaking; legally speaking
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
you; you bastard; you son of a bitch; (arch.) you
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
to put in; to let in; to admit; to accept; to accept; to comply; to include
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to say; to spatter; to prate; to prattle; to babble
is something that; is that which
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality