to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to eat; to live; to make a living; to bite; to sting (as insects do); to tease; to torment
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
not less than ...; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; the above; the above-mentioned
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to fall (of rain, snow, ash, etc.); to come down; to form (of frost); to beam down (of sunlight or moonlight); to pour in; to visit (of luck, misfortune, etc.)
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do
to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to
harvest; crop; fruits (of one's labors); gain; catch (fishing); bag (hunting)
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
feudal lord; (arch.) mansion; (arch.) palace
neighbouring country; neighboring country; adjacent country
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
warehouse; storehouse; cellar; magazine; granary; godown
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
doubt; suspicion; question; strangeness
movement; move; motion; trend; development; change
glaring at each other; confrontation; standoff; face-off
border (between countries); national border
town; block; street; road; chō (unit of length, approx. 109.09 m); chō (unit of land area, approx. 0.99 hectares)
secret; private; surreptitious
(common) soldier; rank and file; army; troops; warfare; strategy
to collect; to assemble; to gather
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
news; word; tidings; omen; foreboding; premonition
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
to vitalize (e.g. an industry); to invigorate; to energize; to establish (e.g. a company); to build up; to set up
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
unusual; uncommon; extraordinary; out of the ordinary; incomparable; serious
state (of affairs); situation; appearance; look(s); sign; indication
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)