school festival; cultural festival; annual open day school event showcasing student talent
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to end; to come to an end; to finish; to complete; to finish doing; to be past its (one's) prime
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
together (with); at the same time; in one lump; in the same category
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
wanting (to have); desiring; wishing for; I want (you, them, etc.) to (do)
quiet; silent; slow; unhurried; calm; peaceful
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
lush mountain; green mountain; grave; burial place
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
to leak out (of a secret); to come out; to be exposed (of a lie, improper behaviour, etc.); to get away (of a fish)
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
then; well; so; well then
holiday; day off; sleep; rest; good night
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
floor; stage (for the narrator and the shamisen player); dining platform built across a river
well, ...; right, ...; so; then; that way (would mean ...); if that is the case
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to wound; to injure; to hurt someone's feelings (pride, etc.); to damage; to chip
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
debut; doing something for the first time; starting anew; starting afresh
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
continuously; the whole time; much (more); (by) far; far (away); long (ago, before, after)
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
one's own convenience; one's way; surroundings; environment; convenience; ease of use; financial circumstances
to feel down; to feel sad; to be in a slump (business, economy, etc.); to be in an unfavourable condition; to fall into (e.g. a hole)