yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
inner part; inside; interior; depths (e.g. of a forest); back (of a house, drawer, etc.); bottom (e.g. of one's heart)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
passer-by; traveler; traveller
key; lock; key (to a problem); clue
moss; short plants resembling moss (incl. other bryophytes, lichens, very small spermatophytes, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to glide; to slide (e.g. on skis); to fail (an examination); to bomb (when telling a joke); to drop; to go down
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to be careful; to pay attention; to take care
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
God; god; ace; king; superior person
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
until now; so far; up to the present
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
island; one's territory (e.g. of a sex worker, organized crime gang); one's turf
head (of a household, etc.); leader; owner; proprietor; subject (of a rumour, etc.); doer (of a deed); guardian spirit (e.g. long-resident beast, usu. with mystical powers)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
together; at the same time; same; identical
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
large; big; older; senior; final; ultimate
height; stature; length (esp. of clothing); all (one has); everything; magnificence (of a waka poem, etc.)
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
aaah!; oooh!; oh no!; oh boy!
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah