indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
hill; height; knoll; bonus points awarded to the winner at the end of a game
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
in that way; thus; so; so?
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
adds force or indicates command
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
(public) notice; attention; public eye; public gaze
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
Digimon (internationally popular cartoon and comic series)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
honorific/polite/humble prefix
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
bomb; alcohol with liquor added (esp. wine-based shōchū highball, also beer with whiskey)