indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to break; to snap; to be injured; to wear out; to be worn out; to break; to burst
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to buy; to purchase; to value; to have a high opinion; to stir; to provoke
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
in that way; thus; so; so?
I'm off; see you later; to go (and then come back)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
any more; any further; any better; any longer
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be affected; to be influenced; to be concerned with; to have to do with; to stick to (opinions)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be wounded; to get injured; to get hurt feelings; to get damaged; to get chipped
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
suffix for familiar person
euphoric; happy; buoyant; bouncy
dog (Canis (lupus) familiaris); squealer; rat; loser; asshole; counterfeit
to go around; to return; to surround; to concern (usu. of disputes)
because of; owing to; due to
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
getting deeply involved; going deeply into; going too far (into something)
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
front and rear; before and after; order; sequence; consequences; context
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
to run swiftly; to dash; to rush; to race
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
what's the matter?; what's wrong?; what happened (to) ...?; what have you done (with) ...?; where is ...?
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion