ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
young; youthful; immature; green; low (number); small
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
beautiful face; good looks; beauty
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
fast; quick; early; soon; premature; too soon
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to lift up; to hold up; to give; to offer; to devote; to sacrifice
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
absolutely; definitely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
revival (of an old system, custom, fashion, etc.); restoration; return; resurrection; rebirth
to show; to display; to make (something or someone) look ...; to present an appearance of ...; to make (something) worth watching; to be entertaining; to have (something) looked at (by a specialist)
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
sensitivity (e.g. of a measuring instrument); reception (radio, TV, etc.); sensitivity (of film)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
plans; arrangement; schedule; program; programme; expectation
than; rather than; instead of; from; out of; except
like; as; so that; in order that; be sure to; I hope (that)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
island; one's territory (of a sex worker, organized crime gang, etc.); one's turf
end; conclusion; last; final; once ...; the moment ... (, that's it)
unexplored region; secluded region; place off the beaten track
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
hello (e.g. on phone); excuse me! (when calling out to someone)
request; favour (to ask); wish; please
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about