indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
honorific/polite/humble prefix
sleeping in late; oversleeping; late riser; sleepyhead
time; hour; period; class
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
omurice; fried rice wrapped in or topped with omelette
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
bento; Japanese box lunch
to be needed; to be necessary; to be required; to be wanted; to need; to want
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
don't you think?; indicates question
group; faction; (political) faction; wing; school (of thought, painting, etc.); sect
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
company; lot; people; troupe; company (of musicians)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
almost; nearly; hardly; barely; large majority; large proportion
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to finish; to end; to have a result less severe than expected; to feel at ease; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry
friendly relations; social relations; social life
above; over; top; summit; surface; on (top of); the above (in a piece of writing)
unnecessary; not needed; not necessary
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
regrettable; unfortunate; disappointing; vexing
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
to take (something) along; to bring with one; to carry (something) away; to bear
wanting (to have); desiring; wishing for; I want (you, them, etc.) to (do)
classroom; lecture room; department (in a university); class; lessons; school (for a particular discipline)
furnished with; including; attached to; impression; appearance; luck; sociality
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
to eat; to live; to make a living; to bite; to sting (as insects do); to tease; to torment
easy; simple; there's no way that ...
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!