town; block; downtown; main street; street; road
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
entrance; entry; gate; approach; mouth
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
point; tip; head (of a line); front; first; before; (the way) ahead
to advance (spatially); to go forward; to precede; to go ahead (of); to make progress; to move ahead (e.g. of work); to intensify
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
warning; caution; admonition; keikoku (penalty in judo)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
gate; branch of learning based on the teachings of a single master; school; phylum; division; counter for cannons
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to go under; to pass under; to dive (into or under the water); to evade; to get around; to survive
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
recklessness; daredevilry; daredevil; reckless person
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to provide; to afford; to assign; to cause
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
around the world; throughout the world
scoundrel; rascal; villain
first-person plural (or singular); second or third person plural (implies speaker is of higher status than those referred to)
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
company; lot; people; troupe; company (of musicians)
to gather; to collect; to assemble
corner; edge; (street) corner; turning; rough edges (of one's character, words, etc.); abrasiveness
to place persons opposite; to come face to face with; to compare (with); to check (against); to match
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
Cold War (between the East and the West)
gap; narrow space between things; valley; gorge; loophole (in a castle wall); arrow slit
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
shade; shadow; behind (something); other side; the background; behind the scenes
weapon; arms; ordnance; weapon (something used to gain an advantage); asset
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
large country; major nation; great power; province of the highest rank (ritsuryō system)