yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
hmm; well ...; humph; roughly; harshly; violently
he; she; this; this one; Hey, you!; You bastard!
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
one's own convenience; one's way; surroundings; environment; convenience; ease of use; financial circumstances
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to walk about; to walk around; to walk to and fro; to pace around; to wander
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
imperial envoy; imperial messenger
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
dry riverbed; river beach
grain; bead; drop; counter for small round objects including grains, seeds, pills, drops
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
roughly; approximately; (cutting) in one stroke; (breaking apart) with vigour; (cutting) deeply; (splitting) wide open
to dig; to excavate; to delve into; to dig up (e.g. vegetables); (for two men) to have anal sex
to sieve; to sift; to winnow; to screen (candidates)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to strive; to endeavour; to endeavor; to make an effort; to be zealous
to be conspicuous; to stand out
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium)
character (esp. kanji); letter; handwriting; penmanship; the ... word (e.g. "the L word" = "love")
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
adds force or indicates command
warrior (esp. of military retainers of daimyos in the Edo period); samurai
hunting; harvesting (e.g. berries, fruit); picking; gathering
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
good; OK; all right; fine; very well; will do
don't you think?; indicates question
way; method; means; resource; course
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
probably isn't (doesn't, won't, etc.); don't (doesn't) intend to; intend not to; must not; (when used in an imperative sentence) don't
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
rear; rear unit guard; anchor (man)
to work (for); to be employed (at); to serve (as); to act (as); to conduct a religious service