indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to pretend not to see; to turn one's back on
to corner; to drive to the wall; to run down; to track down; to chase after
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to lose (something); to mislay; to get rid of; to eliminate; to remove
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
to talk about; to speak of; to recite; to chant; to indicate; to show
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
rumour; rumor; report; hearsay; gossip; common talk
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to raise; to rear; to train; to teach; to promote the growth of; to nurture
imagination; supposition; guess
to raise; to bring up; to rear; to cultivate; to foster; to nurture
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
damn; damn it; feces; excrement; damn; damned; very
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
growth; development; growing up; growth (of a company, the economy, etc.)
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
now; the present time; just now; another; more
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
old master; old teacher; old monk; aged priest
already; now; no longer; not any more
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort