at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
advance (into a new market or stage of progress); launching (a new career or venture); expanding (into a new market); stepping forward; emerging
cooked rice; meal; food; one's living; livelihood
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
opponent; adversary; the competition; the other side; one's enemy
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to visit; to call on; to arrive (season, time, situation, etc.); to come; (arch.) to make a sound; (arch.) to send a letter
assembly hall; meeting place; venue; grounds
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
provocation; stirring up; arousal; excitement; stimulation
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
difference; variation; difference
conviction; belief; confidence
mask; veil; disguise; anonymous; unmarked; incognito
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
to summon; to call (e.g. phone); to convene; to invoke (e.g. subroutine); to call; to open (e.g. a file)
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to pass (the night); to spend; to reveal; to divulge; to prove; to verify
now; the present time; just now; another; more
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
to lose; to be defeated; to succumb; to give in; to be inferior to; to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)
not to mention ...; needless to say ...; not to speak of ...; (arch.) negligent; (arch.) neglectful; (arch.) careless
even; (if) only; just; besides; on top of that
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
boo! (sound used to scare someone); ugh (dissatisfaction, aggravation); ulp (consternation)
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
an order of magnitude higher; off by a digit; in a different league; unbelievable; incomparable; unimaginable
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
soul; spirit; departed soul; ghost
circle; entirety; whole; money; dough; enclosure inside a castle's walls; soft-shelled turtle
power; might; authority; influence
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
wave motion; undulation; surge; wave