indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to say; to be called; to do
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
cormorant (Phalacrocoracidae spp.)
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
now; the present time; just now; another; more
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
by no means; never!; certainly (not); surely (not); something unexpected; emergency
to try (out); to have a try (at); to test; to put to the test
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
disliking; not wanting; unpleasant; disagreeable; no!; quit it!
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
worst; horrible; horrid; in the worst case; if worst comes to worst
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
after all; in the end; conclusion; end; end of a game of go, shogi, etc.
contract; compact; agreement
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to tie; to bind; to bear (fruit); to close (e.g. deal); to confirm; to connect (two distant places); to close tightly
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be lucky; to be in luck; to be attached; to have; to be included
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to whisper; to murmur; to rumor; to rumour
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
understanding; comprehension; appreciation; sympathy
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
deceased; late; dead; departed
to be born; to come into this world
the present year; at that time
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
... years old; age (of) ...