mouth; opening; hole; mouth (of a bottle); spout; gate; door
manners; behavior; behaviour
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
sorry; excuse me; thank you
indicates two contrasting actions; (arch.) indicates possessive (often found in place names and compound words)
indicates supposition; if ... then; when; (typically after someone's name) indicates exasperation
absorbed in; immersed in; forgetting oneself; daze; within a dream; while dreaming
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
means of making contact; intermediary; go-between; connections; influence; pull
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
pine tree (Pinus spp.); highest (of a three-tier ranking system)
series; chain; two reams (i.e. 1000 sheets of paper); verse; stanza
strange; wonderful; weird; outrageous; mysterious
sometime; someday; one day; some time or other; the other day; in due course
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ...
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis