here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
layer; stratum; class; stratum; sheaf; counter for stories (of a building)
to ascend; to go up; to climb
curse; spell; malediction
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
what kind of; what sort of; what
theory; reason; logic; (unreasonable) argument; strained logic; excuse
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
existence; being; presence
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money); to hang; to come into view; to arrive; to come under (a contract, a tax); to start (engines, motors); to attend
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
these guys; these fellows
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
true character; true form; true colors; consciousness; one's senses
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
consciousness; becoming aware (of); awareness; mano-vijnana (mental consciousness, cognizer of sensory information)
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to pronounce; to read (e.g. a kanji)
to be effective; to take effect; to work; to function well; to be possible (to do, use, etc.); to be able to
vigilance; caution; alertness; precaution; being on guard
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
comprehension; consent; understanding; OK; roger
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to end; to be finished; to die; to perish; to do utterly; to do completely
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
probably; (most) likely; in all likelihood; I suspect; I dare say; I'm afraid
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
to leave (behind); to leave (undone); to not finish; to save; to set aside; to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death)
strange; weird; wonder; mystery; cleverness; adroitness