indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
insect; bug; worm; roundworm; thing inside one's body believed to influence one's thoughts and feelings; (one's) unconscious; nervousness
a little; some; somewhat; amount; quantity; number
unreasonable; unnatural; impossible; forcible; forced; excessive (work, etc.); immoderate
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
storey; story; stairs; stage (in chronostratigraphy); counter for storeys and floors of a building
to aim at (for, to do, to become); to try for; to have an eye on; to go toward; to head for
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
increasingly; more and more; decreasingly; less and less
demon; devil; evil spirit; monster; goblin; apparition
difficult; tough; formidable; redoubtable; stubborn
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
now; the present time; just now; another; more
physical strength; power; stamina; strength (of a business, economy, etc.)
preservation; retainment; keeping
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
to fall (over, down); to collapse; to be destroyed (in a collapse); to collapse; to be confined to bed (with an illness); to come down with; to die
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
after all; in the end; conclusion; end; end of a game of go, shogi, etc.
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
dining room; dining hall; cafeteria; restaurant; eatery; snack bar
interrogative sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
once; before; formerly; never yet; never before; first time
luxurious; magnificent; extravagant; sumptuous
it was, wasn't it?; must have been; I think (it was); how might it have been?
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
wandering (around); roaming; loitering; prowling; hanging around
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
mouse; rat; dark gray; slate gray
one (small animal); two-tan bolt of cloth