jpdb beta

year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)

8

indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

92

let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ...

1

ah; oh; hey!

14

what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few

6

if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)

30

splendid; fine; praiseworthy; creditable; legal; legitimate

1

Heian-kyō; former name of Kyoto, capital city of Japan from 794 to 1869

7

to differ (from); to be different; to be wrong; to be incorrect; to become abnormal; to go wrong

8

honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix

1

Heijō-kyō (capital of Japan from 710-40 and 745-84; located in present-day Nara)

4

to make sound (of an animal); to call; to cry; to make a meld call (e.g. pung, kong)

2

hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo

69

Japanese bush warbler (Horornis diphone); Japanese nightingale; greenish brown; beautiful voice; woman with a beautiful voice

2

at; in; at; when; by; with; so

43

be; is; isn't it?

15

already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more

9

complicated; complex; intricate; confusing; difficult; troublesome

2

what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn

5

at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of

85

you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...

20

perfect; complete

2

trap (for catching animals); snare; trap; trick; ruse

1

to stick; to paste; to stretch; to spread; to form (e.g. ice on a pond); to fill; to swell

1

yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of

27

isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on

1

exterior; surface; outside; outward appearance; looks

1

only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to

18

to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think

5

to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case

4

from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")

27

in that way; thus; so; the same; so?

11

to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed

26

contents; interior; substance; content; (sword) blade

2

Genmei

1

Emperor of Japan

2

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question

145

(trend of) the times; current of the times; spirit of the age

1

Wadō era (708.1.11-715.9.2)

1

three years; third school year (e.g. of high school)

2

Fujiwara-kyō (capital of Japan between 694 and 710)

1

to move (to another place or state); to change (e.g. of state, affiliation, scenery, etc.); to spread (of a fire, smell, etc.); to catch (an illness); to move (e.g. of one's focus); to change (e.g. of one's interest)

2

Metropolis (of Tokyo); (Tokyo) Metropolitan District; counter for cities and towns; capital

1

Kanmu

1

Enryaku era (782.8.19-806.5.18)

1

Nagaoka-kyō (capital of Japan 784-794); Nagaokakyō (city)

1

until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to

2

space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)

1

extra; more; unnecessary; needless; all the more; even more

2

name of an imperial era (e.g. Heisei, Shōwa); Japanese era name

6