pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
ladder; stairs; going to several places in succession (e.g. barhopping)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to ascend; to go up; to climb
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
fence; paling; railing; (arch.) fortress
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
electricity; (electric) light
to break; to snap; to be injured; to wear out; to be worn out; to break; to burst
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
(one's) older brother; lad; sonny
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
to fall; to drop; to set (of the sun or moon); to sink; to decrease (of popularity, quality, speed, sales, etc.); to fall; to be inferior (to)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
(not) anywhere; nowhere; everywhere; anywhere
whereabouts; place; location; place where one belongs; where one fits in; place where one can be oneself
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
unhappiness; sorrow; misfortune; death (usu. of a relative); bereavement
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
(animal) feed; fodder; pet food; bait; lure; enticement
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
fast; quick; early; soon; premature; too soon
water wheel; water turbine; hydraulic turbine; (arch.) violent wielding of weapons
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
starting field which contains the November and/or December 20-point card
to be seen; to be visible; to look; to seem; to come
Warring States period (of Japanese history, approx. 1467-1568); Sengoku period; Warring States period (of Chinese history, 403-221 BCE); era of vicious competition
junk; rubbish; trash; garbage; odds and ends
just like; (virtually) no different from; (almost) the same as; as good as (e.g. dead, settled)
much less; to say nothing of
senior high school; high school
kendo; Japanese martial art using bamboo swords
selection; choice; picking out; National High School Baseball Invitational Tournament; Spring Koshien
mass meeting; convention; tournament; competition; grand event
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
continuation; succession; series; continuous