(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
to eat; to live; to make a living; to bite; to sting (as insects do); to tease; to torment
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
to serve (in a bowl, on a plate, etc.); to dish out; to pile up; to heap up; to administer (medicine, poison); to dose out; to put into (e.g. information in a report, meaning in a statement)
supply; provision; raising; procurement
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
nothing; naught; nought; un-; non-
Karoku era (1225.4.20-1227.12.10)
last night; yesterday evening
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
matter; affair; counter for (received) emails, text messages, voicemail messages, etc.; counter for accounts (on a website, email service, etc.)
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
number; edition; sobriquet; pen-name; size (of printing types, canvases, knitting needles, etc.); suffix attached to names of ships, trains, airplanes, etc.
skipper (of a boat); coxswain
you (plural); all of you; you all
(one's) superior; (one's) boss; the higher-ups
education; schooling; training; culture; cultivation; education
policy; course; plan (of action); magnetic needle
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate; amiable
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
the person in question; the person themselves; said person
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
before one's eyes; in front of one; under one's nose; immediate; imminent; around the corner
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
disagreeableness; unpleasantness; nastiness; cutting remark; disagreeable remark; snide comment
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
new moon; first day of the lunar month; (in ancient China) next year's calendar and decrees (distributed by the Emperor at year's end)
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
statement; remark; observation; utterance; speech; proposal
place; spot; field; discipline; occasion; situation; scene (of a play, movie, etc.)
blunder; fault; error; mistake; failure; disgrace